In Italy, novel tobacco and nicotine products such as e-cigarettes and heated tobacco products (such as IQOS or Glo) have been gaining popularity in the last years. Independent studies show that these products are not without risks. Moreover, they do not seem to be effective in reducing the consumption of traditional cigarettes. On the contrary, they are often used in combination with traditional cigarettes, exposing users to even greater risks. These products are very attractive to young people, who develop a nicotine addiction that can also lead to the consumption of traditional cigarettes. In Italy, nicotine pouches are also starting to become popular among the very young. Our studies allow us to analyse the impact of new generation products on tobacco control.

The Laboratory has developed an innovative method for identifying original articles within systematic reviews, combining an umbrella review (i.e., a systematic review of reviews) with traditional review techniques. This method can be applied to all research fields, and has already been used for conducting several systematic reviews and meta-analyses of observational epidemiological studies. Some examples are the analysis of the association between cigarette smoking and exposure to secondhand smoke and the risk of several malignant neoplasms and the analysis of the role of smoking on the incidence and clinical course of COVID-19.

Tinnitus is an auditory condition characterized by the perception of sounds, such as whistling, humming or rustling, in one or both ears. Although it is a very debilitating disease (1-2% of the population suffer from a severe form of tinnitus), very little is known about the epidemiology of tinnitus. Studies conducted in the laboratory aim to provide data on the prevalence of tinnitus in Italy and in other European countries. In addition, by conducting systematic reviews and observational epidemiological studies, we provide evidence about potential risk factors of this condition and on the efficacy of treatments in reducing tinnitus severity.

Deciding on research areas, research questions, and study design in collaboration with people with disease experience, citizens, or patient associations’ representatives —depending on the context—allows to include their perspectives, needs, and values in research. The "Research with citizens for prevention and care"" Unit conducts research on co-production and involvement methodologies and practices, adapting this paradigm to the context and scope of the projects in which it participates. It organizes training modules for healthcare professionals and researchers. The Unit also conducts research in the field of information and communication for citizens and people with disease experience. It develops models and tools to support decision-making and critically evaluate information.

With the Unit "Research with citizens for disease prevention and care," the Mario Negri Institute is an affiliate partner of the EUCanScreen project (2024–2028), a European Joint Action that aims to make cancer screening more effective and accessible (https://www.dypede.gr/eucanscreen/). The project has received funding from the European Union through the EU4Health program (Grant Agreement No. 101162959) and involves 29 European countries.

The Laboratory of Lifestyle Research has been working for several years on conflicts of interest and transparency among physicians and researchers in relation with the tobacco industry, and among patient groups with respect to funding from pharmaceutical and commercial companies.